Implementation of ASN Counseling Services: An Edwards III Model Analysis at BKPSDMD Makassar City

Abstract

State Civil Apparatus (ASN) counseling services represent a form of preventive and curative personnel development. In Makassar City, these services are administered by the Performance and Rewards Division of the Regional Civil Service and Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDMD) under Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Number 90. This article aims to describe the administrative implementation of ASN counseling services and examine their alignment with SOP Number 90 using the Edwards III policy implementation model, which encompasses communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through participant observation during a 36-working-day internship and documentary analysis of SOP Number 90, counselors’ accountability reports, and counseling participant records from January to June 2026. The findings indicate that the technical implementation of counseling services generally follows the six stages established in the SOP and is supported by strong employee commitment. However, several areas require further strengthening, including manual recording and archiving practices, the receptionist’s role in initial communication, workload distribution within a division responsible for multiple functions, and the legal basis of the SOP, which was established in 2018 and references regulations that have subsequently changed. The main improvement priorities concern administrative resources, system digitalization, and the updating of the SOP’s legal basis rather than compliance with its procedural flow. The article recommends developing an integrated digital recording and archiving system, strengthening the receptionist’s role as the initial point of contact, and revising the SOP’s legal basis to align with current civil service regulations.